وونهيو
جميع التعاليم البوذية وجهات نظر مختلفة في العقل الواحد، ولذلك يمكن التوفيق بين خلافاتها بدل خوضها حتى النهاية.
التموضع
راهب من مملكة سيلا وأغزر المؤلفين البوذيين في كوريا: كل المذاهب وجوه للعقل الواحد، ويمكن التوفيق بين خلافاتها.
الأفكار الرئيسة
- العقل الواحد
- التوفيق بين الخلافات (هواجينغ)
- شرح «يقظة الإيمان»
التأثير
تأثّر بـ 2
ناجارجونا
تأثّر بـ
In his commentary on the Awakening of Faith Wonhyo held that Nagarjuna’s Madhyamaka negates without affirming, Yogacara affirms without negating, and the Awakening of Faith does both. Wonhyo, Daeseung gisillon so; Daeseung gisillon byeolgi; A. C. Muller (ed.), Wonhyo: Selected Works (Collected Works of Korean Buddhism 1, 2012)
التوثيق: مسودة بالذكاء الاصطناعي
ناجارجونا › نحو 150–250
فاسوباندو
تأثّر بـ
Wonhyo used the Yogacara of Vasubandhu’s line, above all its storehouse consciousness, to explain how the one mind of the Awakening of Faith both awakens and errs. Wonhyo, Daeseung gisillon so; S. Lee, “On the Ālayavijñāna in the Awakening of Faith: Comparing and Contrasting Wŏnhyo and Fazang’s Views”, Religions 10 (2019)
التوثيق: مسودة بالذكاء الاصطناعي
فاسوباندو › نحو 350–430
أثّر في 1
فازانغ
أثّر في
Fazang’s commentary on the Awakening of Faith drew on Wonhyo’s earlier commentaries, though the two read the treatise’s storehouse consciousness and buddha-nature differently. Fazang, Dasheng qixin lun yiji; S. Lee, “On the Ālayavijñāna in the Awakening of Faith: Comparing and Contrasting Wŏnhyo and Fazang’s Views”, Religions 10 (2019)
التوثيق: مسودة بالذكاء الاصطناعي
فازانغ › 643–712
الأعمال
قراءة وونهيو لـ«إيقاظ الإيمان» مفتاحًا يوحّد تعاليم المهايانا كلها في العقل الواحد؛ وقد أثّرت في فازانغ وفي البوذية الشرق آسيوية.
الموقف
Wonhyo read the conflicting doctrines of Chinese Buddhism – the emptiness teaching in Nagarjuna’s line, the Yogacara of Vasubandhu and the teaching of buddha-nature – as partial perspectives on one truth. His key was the Awakening of Faith in the Mahayana and its One Mind with two aspects: unchanging suchness, and the mind as arising and ceasing. In his commentaries and his treatise on harmonising disputes (hwajaeng) he argued that each position is right from its own angle and false only when made absolute. His commentaries shaped Fazang; modern Korea sees him as a founder of a unified Korean Buddhism. Of some eighty works ascribed to him, about twenty survive.
الحياة والسياق
Wonhyo was born in 617 in the Korean kingdom of Silla and became a monk. Twice he set out with his friend Uisang for Tang China; according to a famous legend, a night in an old tomb convinced him that all things arise from the mind, and he turned back. Later he broke his vows, fathered the scholar Seol Chong and preached among ordinary people. He died in 686.
أعمال رئيسة أخرى
- Ten Approaches to Harmonising Doctrinal Disputes (Simmun hwajaeng non, 7th century, fragments)
- Exposition of the Vajrasamadhi Sutra (Geumgang sammaegyeong ron, late 7th century)
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