المير داماد
ليس للعالم بداية في الزمان، ومع ذلك فهو يحدث حقًّا بعد العدم على مستوى فوق الزمان – فهو مخلوق لا أزلي، ويعتمد كليًّا على الله.
التموضع
يُعدّ غالبًا مؤسس «مدرسة أصفهان» وأستاذ ملا صدرا: العالم مخلوق لا في الزمان بل في «الدهر»، مرتبة فوق الزمان – جواب جديد على الخلاف القديم حول قِدَم العالم.
الأفكار الرئيسة
- الحدوث الدهري
- أصالة الماهية
- تركيب ابن سينا والسهروردي
التلاميذ: صدر الدين الشيرازي (ملا صدرا)
التأثير
تأثّر بـ 2
ابن سينا
تأثّر بـ
Mir Damad developed Avicenna’s distinction of time, perpetuity (dahr) and eternity into his doctrine that the world is ‘perpetually originated’ (Kitab al-Qabasat). Mir Damad, Kitab al-Qabasat; Encyclopaedia Iranica “Mir Damad”
التوثيق: مسودة بالذكاء الاصطناعي
ابن سينا › 980–1037
السهروردي المقتول
تأثّر بـ
Mir Damad, who wrote poetry under the pen name Ishraq (illumination), joined Suhrawardi’s illuminationist themes to Avicenna’s philosophy in the School of Isfahan. Encyclopaedia Iranica “Mir Damad”; Mir Damad, Diwan-i Ishraq
التوثيق: مسودة بالذكاء الاصطناعي
السهروردي المقتول › 1154–1191
أثّر في 1
صدر الدين الشيرازي (ملا صدرا) علّم
علّم
Mulla Sadra studied the rational sciences in Isfahan with Mir Damad, as well as with Shaykh Bahai; no teaching licence (ijaza) from them survives, but the relation is not doubted. SEP “Mulla Sadra” (S. Rizvi); S. Rizvi, Mulla Sadra Shirazi: His Life and Works and the Sources for Safavid Philosophy (2007)
التوثيق: مسودة بالذكاء الاصطناعي
صدر الدين الشيرازي (ملا صدرا) › نحو 1572–1640
الأعمال
- نحو 1624القبسات
العمل الرئيس لميرداماد في حدوث العالم: مخلوق لا في الزمان بل في نظام «دهري» أعلى من الزمان.
الموقف
Mir Damad sought to settle the dispute between philosophers, who held the world eternal, and theologians, who held it created in time. He distinguished three dimensions: time (zaman), relating changing things to changing things; perpetuity (dahr), relating the changing to the unchanging; and everlastingness (sarmad), relating the unchanging to the unchanging God. The world is not preceded by empty time, yet it is truly preceded by non-being in dahr – it is “perpetually originated” (huduth dahri). Drawing on Avicenna, Suhrawardi and Shia theology, he is usually read as upholding the primacy of quiddity, which his pupil Mulla Sadra reversed. Admirers called him the “Third Teacher” after Aristotle and al-Farabi.
الحياة والسياق
Muhammad Baqir Astarabadi, known as Mir Damad, was born probably around 1561 – some sources give earlier dates. His byname recalls that his father was the son-in-law (damad) of the great jurist al-Karaki. He studied in Mashhad and elsewhere, became shaykh al-islam of Isfahan under Shah Abbas I and also wrote Persian poetry as “Ishraq”. He died in 1631 on a journey to Iraq and was buried in Najaf.
أعمال رئيسة أخرى
- The Straight Path (al-Sirat al-mustaqim, early 17th century)
- The Clear Horizon (al-Ufuq al-mubin, early 17th century)
- The Book of Blazing Brands (Kitab al-Qabasat, c. 1624)
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