دوروثي سميث
ينبغي أن ينطلق علم الاجتماع من حياة الناس اليومية الفعلية، ولا سيما النساء، وأن يتتبّع كيف تنظّمها مؤسسات بعيدة وأوراق إدارية.
التموضع
مؤسِّسة علم اجتماع «من أجل الناس»: انطلاقًا من التجربة اليومية للنساء بيّنت كيف تنظّم النصوص والمؤسسات حياتنا عن بُعد – «علاقات الحكم».
الأفكار الرئيسة
- موقع النساء
- انشطار الوعي
- علاقات الحكم
- الإثنوغرافيا المؤسسية
التأثير
تأثّر بـ 2
كارل ماركس
تأثّر بـ
Smith took from The German Ideology the method of beginning from actual people and their activities, treating knowledge as part of the ‘relations of ruling’ (1987, 1990). D. E. Smith, The Everyday World as Problematic (1987); The Conceptual Practices of Power (1990); K. Marx and F. Engels, Die deutsche Ideologie (written 1845–46, printed 1932)
التوثيق: مسودة بالذكاء الاصطناعي
كارل ماركس › 1818–1883
ألفريد شوتز
تأثّر بـ
Smith built on Schutz’s phenomenology of the everyday world but held that its order is organised extra-locally, by texts and relations of ruling (1987). D. E. Smith, The Everyday World as Problematic: A Feminist Sociology (1987); “Women’s Perspective as a Radical Critique of Sociology”, Sociological Inquiry 44 (1974)
التوثيق: مسودة بالذكاء الاصطناعي
ألفريد شوتز › 1899–1959
أثّر في 2
ساندرا هاردينغ
أثّر في
Harding drew on Dorothy Smith’s sociology from women’s standpoint in developing feminist standpoint epistemology for the sciences (The Science Question in Feminism, 1986; Whose Science? Whose Knowledge?, 1991). S. Harding, The Science Question in Feminism (1986); Whose Science? Whose Knowledge? (1991); S. Harding (ed.), The Feminist Standpoint Theory Reader (2004); D. E. Smith, The Everyday World as Problematic (1987); SEP “Feminist Epistemology and Philosophy of Science”
التوثيق: مسودة بالذكاء الاصطناعي
ساندرا هاردينغ › 1935–2025
باتريشيا هيل كولينز
أثّر في
Collins related her Black feminist standpoint to Smith’s sociology from the standpoint of women, which begins from everyday experience rather than abstract categories (Black Feminist Thought, 1990). P. H. Collins, Black Feminist Thought (1990); D. E. Smith, The Everyday World as Problematic: A Feminist Sociology (1987)
التوثيق: مسودة بالذكاء الاصطناعي
باتريشيا هيل كولينز › وُلد 1948
الأعمال
علم اجتماع نسوي ينطلق من تجربة النساء اليومية ويتتبع كيف تنظّمها النصوص والمؤسسات من الخارج.
الموقف
Smith began from what she called the bifurcation of consciousness. As a sociologist she was trained to think in the abstract categories of a discipline made by men and for the institutions they ran; as a mother she lived in a world of bodies, children and particular tasks that those categories could not see. In “Women’s Perspective as a Radical Critique of Sociology” (1974) and The Everyday World as Problematic (1987) she argued that sociology should begin not from theory but from the standpoint of people in their actual everyday lives, and treat that world as a problem to be explained. What explains it are the “relations of ruling”: the organisation of modern society through texts – forms, files, statistics, laws and professional knowledge – which coordinate what people do in many places at once. From this came institutional ethnography, a method of tracing how such texts organise, for instance, a mother’s work around her child’s schooling or a patient’s passage through a hospital. Smith is counted among the founders of feminist standpoint theory, though she insisted that a standpoint is a place to begin inquiry, not a privileged access to truth.
الحياة والسياق
Dorothy Edith Smith was born in 1926 in Northallerton in Yorkshire. She worked as a secretary in publishing before studying at the London School of Economics, where she graduated in sociology in 1955. She went to the University of California, Berkeley, with her husband and took her doctorate there in 1963. After the marriage ended she raised two young sons alone while teaching – and the split between her life as a mother and her life as an academic became the starting point of her thought. In 1968 she moved to the University of British Columbia in Vancouver, where she helped to establish women’s studies, and in 1977 to the Ontario Institute for Studies in Education in Toronto. She kept publishing until the year of her death and died in Vancouver in 2022, aged 95.
أعمال رئيسة أخرى
- “Women’s Perspective as a Radical Critique of Sociology” (1974)
- The Conceptual Practices of Power (1990)
- Texts, Facts, and Femininity (1990)
- Institutional Ethnography: A Sociology for People (2005)
يرد في
بحسب الوضع في نوفمبر 2026 · المصادر · حسّن هذه الصفحة · كيف صُنع Agora