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宇宙论指示与美洲印第安人视角主义

1998 · 作者: 爱德华多·维韦罗斯·德卡斯特罗

发表于《皇家人类学会会刊》的论文:在许多美洲印第安宇宙观中,人、动物和精灵都把自己看作人并共享同一种文化,而它们的身体各不相同;这种“多元自然主义”颠倒了西方“一个自然、多种文化”的组合。

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简介

Viveiros de Castro first set out the argument in Portuguese in 1996, in the journal Mana, as “Os pronomes cosmológicos e o perspectivismo ameríndio”; the English version appeared in 1998 in the Journal of the Royal Anthropological Institute (vol. 4, no. 3). Drawing on ethnographies from across Amazonia, the article describes the idea that animals and spirits see themselves as humans, with houses, ornaments and beer, and see humans as prey or as predators. Since all share the point of view of a person, what differs is the body, understood as a bundle of affects and capacities. Viveiros de Castro calls this “multinaturalism”, contrasts it with Western multiculturalism and connects it with shamanism and bodily transformation. Later debates on perspectivism start from this article.

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