弗里德里希·施莱格尔
诗应当混合一切形式而永不完结，而反讽让心灵自由地漂浮在它自己的创作之上。
定位
早期浪漫派的理论家：浪漫诗是“渐进的总汇诗”，反讽是精神凌驾于自己作品之上的自由。
核心思想
- 浪漫反讽
- 渐进的总汇诗
- 断片
影响
受影响于 3
伊曼努尔·康德
受其影响
In his Essay on the Concept of Republicanism (1796) Schlegel took up Kant’s Toward Perpetual Peace (1795) but argued, against Kant, that republicanism is necessarily democratic. F. Schlegel, Versuch über den Begriff des Republikanismus (1796); I. Kant, Zum ewigen Frieden (1795); SEP “Friedrich Schlegel”
依据: AI 草稿
伊曼努尔·康德 › 1724–1804
约翰·哥特弗里德·赫尔德
受其影响
Schlegel reviewed the seventh and eighth collections of Herder’s Letters for the Advancement of Humanity (1796), engaging with Herder’s historical view of ancient and modern poetry. F. Schlegel, review of J. G. Herder, Briefe zu Beförderung der Humanität, seventh and eighth collections (1796), in Kritische Friedrich-Schlegel-Ausgabe II; SEP “Friedrich Schlegel”
依据: AI 草稿
约翰·哥特弗里德·赫尔德 › 1744–1803
约翰·哥特利布·费希特
受其影响
Schlegel counted Fichte’s Wissenschaftslehre, with the French Revolution and Goethe’s Wilhelm Meister, among the great ‘tendencies of the age’ (Athenaeum, 1798) and based his irony on Fichtean self-reflection. F. Schlegel, Athenaeum fragments (1798); SEP “Friedrich Schlegel”
依据: AI 草稿
约翰·哥特利布·费希特 › 1762–1814
影响了 1
诺瓦利斯
影响了
Novalis developed his fragments in ‘symphilosophy’ with Friedrich Schlegel, who published Pollen (1798) in the Athenaeum, and took up Schlegel’s programme of a romantic poetry. Novalis, Blüthenstaub, in Athenaeum I (1798); F. Schlegel, Athenaeum fragments (1798); SEP “Novalis”
依据: AI 草稿
诺瓦利斯 › 1772–1801
批评
受批评于 1
索伦·克尔凯郭尔
受其批评
In The Concept of Irony (1841) Kierkegaard criticised Schlegel’s romantic irony, exemplified by Lucinde, as an infinite negativity that dissolves ethical actuality into aesthetic play. S. Kierkegaard, Om Begrebet Ironi (1841), Part Two, on Friedrich Schlegel; SEP “Søren Kierkegaard”
依据: AI 草稿
索伦·克尔凯郭尔 › 1813–1855
作品
- 1798雅典娜神殿断片
浪漫诗是一种渐进的普遍诗——而断片必须像刺猬一样，自身是完整的。
立场
Schlegel was the leading theorist of early German Romanticism. Romantic poetry, he wrote, is a “progressive universal poetry”: always becoming and never complete, it mixes genres and joins poetry with philosophy and criticism. Its key attitude is irony – the mind’s power to create while rising above its own creations, aware that no finite work can contain the infinite. Hence his preference for the fragment, a thought that is both complete and open. Later he turned to Sanskrit and the culture of India, helping to found comparative linguistics, and to a Catholic philosophy of history. His ideas on irony and interpretation reach through Kierkegaard to modern literary theory.
生平与背景
Friedrich Schlegel was born in Hanover in 1772, the son of a pastor, and turned from law to the study of classical antiquity. In Jena and Berlin he formed the early Romantic circle with his brother August Wilhelm, Novalis, Tieck and Schleiermacher, and with his brother edited the journal Athenaeum. In 1808 he converted to Catholicism and entered Austrian service in Vienna. He died in Dresden in 1829.
其他主要作品
- On the Study of Greek Poetry (1797)
- Critical (Lyceum) Fragments (1797)
- Athenaeum Fragments (1798)
- Dialogue on Poetry (1800)
- On the Language and Wisdom of the Indians (1808)
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