अतीश दीपंकर
बौद्ध मार्ग पर क्रमबद्ध चरणों में चढ़ना चाहिए, श्रेष्ठतर पुनर्जन्म की खोज से लेकर करुणा और प्रज्ञा से सब प्राणियों को मुक्त करने तक।
पृष्ठभूमि
विक्रमशिला के बंगाली आचार्य, जिन्होंने 1042 से तिब्बत में शिक्षा दी: उनका “बोधिपथप्रदीप” बौद्ध साधना को क्रमिक चरणों में व्यवस्थित करता है।
मुख्य विचार
- क्रमिक मार्ग (लमरिम)
- साधकों के तीन स्तर
- बोधिचित्त और शून्यता
प्रभाव
जिनसे प्रभावित 3
नागार्जुन
जिनसे प्रभावित
Atisha placed Nagarjuna’s Madhyamaka view of emptiness at the summit of the path and taught it in Tibet, in the reading of Chandrakirti. Atisha, Bodhipathapradipa, tr. R. Sherburne, A Lamp for the Path and Commentary (1983); Satyadvayavatara, tr. C. Lindtner (1981)
साक्ष्य: AI मसौदा
नागार्जुन › लगभग 150–250
चंद्रकीर्ति
जिनसे प्रभावित
Atisha helped bring Chandrakirti’s reading of Nagarjuna to Tibet; his Introduction to the Two Truths draws on Chandrakirti for the view of emptiness. Atisha, Satyadvayavatara, tr. C. Lindtner, “Atisa’s Introduction to the Two Truths, and Its Sources”, Journal of Indian Philosophy 9 (1981)
साक्ष्य: AI मसौदा
चंद्रकीर्ति › लगभग 600–650
शान्तिदेव
जिनसे प्रभावित
Atisha’s Lamp for the Path (c. 1042) draws on Shantideva’s Compendium of Training for the bodhisattva vows and the cultivation of the awakening mind. Atisha, Bodhipathapradipa, tr. R. Sherburne, A Lamp for the Path and Commentary (1983)
साक्ष्य: AI मसौदा
शान्तिदेव › लगभग 685–763
जिन्हें प्रभावित किया 1
त्सोंगखापा
जिन्हें प्रभावित किया
Tsongkhapa’s Great Treatise on the Stages of the Path (1402) expands Atisha’s Lamp for the Path to Awakening, following its scheme of three kinds of persons. Tsongkhapa, Lam rim chen mo (1402), tr. Lamrim Chenmo Translation Committee, The Great Treatise on the Stages of the Path (2000–04); Atisha, Bodhipathapradipa
साक्ष्य: AI मसौदा
त्सोंगखापा › 1357–1419
कृतियाँ
- लगभग 1042बोधिपथप्रदीप
अड़सठ श्लोक जो बौद्ध साधना को साधकों की क्षमताओं के क्रम में सजाते हैं – सभी तिब्बती “मार्ग के चरण” ग्रंथों का आदर्श।
मत
Atisha came to Tibet at a time when monastic discipline, philosophical study and tantric practice were felt to be in conflict. His Lamp for the Path to Enlightenment ordered them into one graded path for three kinds of practitioner: those seeking a better rebirth, those seeking their own liberation, and those who, moved by compassion, strive for awakening for all. At the top stand bodhicitta and the view of emptiness of Nagarjuna’s Madhyamaka as read by Candrakirti; tantric practice presupposes ethics and insight. His disciple Dromtonpa founded the Kadam school, whose mind-training (lojong) teachings trace back to Atisha. Tsongkhapa’s Gelug order saw itself as the new Kadam.
जीवन और संदर्भ
Atisha Dipamkara Shrijnana was born in 982 into a noble family in Bengal. He studied with many teachers; according to Tibetan biographies he spent twelve years in Suvarnadvipa, probably Sumatra, with the master known as Serlingpa. He became a leading teacher at the monastery of Vikramashila. Invited by the rulers of Guge, he went to western Tibet in 1042, later taught in central Tibet and died near Lhasa in 1054.
अन्य प्रमुख कृतियाँ
- Lamp for the Path to Enlightenment (Bodhipathapradipa, 1042)
- Commentary on the Difficult Points of the Lamp (Bodhimargapradipapanjika, after 1042)
- Introduction to the Two Truths (Satyadvayavatara, 11th century)
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