والدا هيوات
ينبغي أن يصير دين العقل عند معلمه حكمة عملية للحياة اليومية: الاعتدال والتعليم ورعاية الأسرة.
التموضع
يُقدَّم في «حاتاتاه» الخاصة به تلميذًا لزيرا يعقوب: يحوّل النص دينَ معلّمه العقلي إلى حكمة عملية للحياة اليومية؛ وتأليفه، مثل تأليف معلّمه، محل خلاف.
الأفكار الرئيسة
- أخلاق عملية للعقل
- الاعتدال
- التعليم
الأساتذة: زيرا يعقوب
التأثير
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زيرا يعقوب تتلمذ على
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Known only from the two Hatatas themselves: Zera Yacob’s treatise says he taught the sons of his patron Habtu, among them Walda Heywat, at whose request he wrote, and Walda Heywat presents his own treatise as his teacher’s continuation; the authenticity of both texts has been disputed since Conti Rossini (1920). C. Sumner, Ethiopian Philosophy II: The Treatise of Zär’a Ya‘ǝqob and of Wäldä Ḥeywat (1976); R. Lee, Mehari Worku & W. L. Belcher (trs.), The Hatata Inquiries (2023)
التوثيق: مسجّل أيضًا في Wikidata · Wikidata
زيرا يعقوب › تقليديًا 1599–1692
الموقف
Walda Heywat wrote a Hatata of his own, more practical and didactic than his teacher’s. Starting from the same confidence in reason as God’s gift to all people, he sets out a rational ethics for everyday life: love of one’s neighbor, moderation, patience and humility, work, family life and the education of children. Rather than attacking religious authorities, he concentrates on how to live well among others. The doubts about authenticity raised against Zera Yacob’s text also concern his, since both reached Europe through copies made by Giusto da Urbino; whether either is a genuine Ethiopian work remains disputed.
الحياة والسياق
Walda Heywat was a son of Habtu, the patron at Enfraz in whose household Zera Yacob lived, and became Zera Yacob’s pupil; according to the Hatata, it was he who urged his teacher to write down his inquiry. Beyond what the two texts themselves reveal, almost nothing is known about his life, and the dates usually given for him are only approximate.
الأعمال الرئيسة
- Hatata of Walda Heywat (late 17th c.)
بحسب الوضع في نوفمبر 2026 · المصادر · حسّن هذه الصفحة · كيف صُنع Agora