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作品 · 文艺复兴与人文主义

海洋自由论

1609 · 作者: 胡果·格劳秀斯

应荷兰东印度公司的要求匿名出版,原是一部关于捕获法的更大手稿中的一章:海洋不能被占有,航行和贸易向所有民族开放——以此反对葡萄牙对东印度航线的垄断主张。

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简介

Grotius published “Mare liberum” anonymously in Leiden in 1609 at the request of the Dutch East India Company. It was originally chapter 12 of a longer manuscript, written from 1604, defending the company’s seizure of the Portuguese carrack Santa Catarina; the full manuscript was discovered only in 1864 and published as “De iure praedae”. The tract argues that the sea, like the air, cannot be occupied and is therefore free to all peoples for navigation and trade, so that Portugal’s claim to a monopoly of the route to the East Indies was void. It provoked replies from England (John Selden’s “Mare clausum”, 1635) and Portugal and became a classic of the law of the sea.

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