Agora思想的公共广场

阿里·沙里亚蒂

1933–1977

初步了解有意简化——人物介绍讲得更多

把什叶派伊斯兰教当作一种正义与抗争的宗教来阅读，比马克思主义更能使人们摆脱西方的统治。

定位

伊斯兰世界的哲学 · 西亚与北非 · 政治与法, 宗教, 社会与历史

在巴黎受教育的伊朗思想家：一种革命性的什叶派，作为“回归自我”以对抗西方的支配——与法农对话，并批判马克思主义。

核心思想

  • 回归自我
  • 以宗教反对宗教
  • 伊斯兰作为解放

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影响

受影响于 2

  • 穆罕默德·伊克巴尔

    受其影响

    Shariati presented Iqbal as a model Muslim reformer who joined faith, mysticism and political commitment, in lectures collected as We and Iqbal (Ma va Iqbal). A. Shariati, Ma va Iqbal; A. Shariati, Iqbal: Manifestation of the Islamic Spirit (tr. 1991)

    依据: AI 草稿

    穆罕默德·伊克巴尔 › 1877–1938

  • 弗朗茨·法农

    受其影响

    Shariati read Fanon in Paris and, according to Abrahamian, wrote to him that the colonised must first regain their cultural identity; his role as Fanon’s translator is disputed. E. Abrahamian, “Ali Shariati: Ideologue of the Iranian Revolution”, MERIP Reports 102 (1982); A. Rahnema, An Islamic Utopian (1998); E. Sadeghi-Boroujerdi, “Who Translated Fanon’s The Wretched of the Earth into Persian?”, Jadaliyya

    依据: AI 草稿

    弗朗茨·法农 › 1925–1961

影响了 1

  • 雷温·康奈尔

    影响了

    In Southern Theory (2007) Connell discussed Shariati’s call for a ‘return to the self’ against Western domination as one Iranian source for a social science beyond the metropole. R. Connell, Southern Theory: The Global Dynamics of Knowledge in Social Science (2007); A. Shariati, On the Sociology of Islam, trans. H. Algar (1979)

    依据: AI 草稿

    雷温·康奈尔 › 1944年生

批评

受批评于 1

  • 阿卜杜勒卡里姆·索鲁什

    受其批评

    Soroush criticised Shariati’s turning of Islam into a revolutionary ideology, arguing that religion is richer than any ideology (‘Loftier than Ideology’, 1994). ʿA. Soroush, Farbehtar az ideolozhi, 1994; Reason, Freedom, and Democracy in Islam, tr. M. Sadri & A. Sadri, 2000

    依据: AI 草稿

    阿卜杜勒卡里姆·索鲁什 › 1945年生

批评了 1

  • 卡尔·马克思 受其影响

    受其影响

    Shariati borrowed Marxist class analysis and the concept of alienation to recast Shiism as a revolutionary ideology of the oppressed, while rejecting Marxist materialism. E. Abrahamian, “Ali Shariati: Ideologue of the Iranian Revolution”, MERIP Reports 102 (1982); A. Rahnema, An Islamic Utopian (1998)

    依据: AI 草稿

    批评了

    Shariati criticised Marxism as a materialism that reduces the human being to economics, while taking up its language of class struggle for a revolutionary Shiism. ʿAlī Sharīʿatī, Marxism and Other Western Fallacies, tr. R. Campbell, 1980; E. Abrahamian, ‘Ali Shariati: Ideologue of the Iranian Revolution’, MERIP Reports 102, 1982

    依据: AI 草稿

    卡尔·马克思 › 1818–1883

立场

Shariati wanted to turn Shiism from a quietist tradition into an ideology of liberation. Against Westernization he called for a “return to the self” – to Iran’s living Islamic culture. He set the revolutionary “Alavid Shiism” of Ali and Husayn against the “Safavid Shiism” of clerics allied with power: religion against religion. Drawing on Fanon, he used Marxist class analysis yet rejected Marxism’s materialism and determinism. The committed intellectual, not the cleric, was to awaken the people. His ideas inspired many young revolutionaries of 1979; conservative clerics attacked him, and his idea of a “guided” transitional leadership has been criticized as authoritarian.

生平与背景

Ali Shariati was born in 1933 near Sabzevar in Khorasan, the son of a religious reformer in Mashhad. Arrested in 1957 as a Mosaddegh supporter, he studied in Paris (1959–1964), earning a doctorate in Persian philology and attending sociology lectures. His lectures at Tehran’s Hosseiniyeh Ershad drew huge crowds until its closure in 1972. Imprisoned 1973–1975, he left for England in 1977 and died there weeks later.

主要作品

  • Religion versus Religion (Mazhab ʿalayh-i mazhab, lectures, early 1970s)
  • Alavid Shiʿism and Safavid Shiʿism (Tashayyuʿ-i ʿAlavi va tashayyuʿ-i Safavi, lectures, early 1970s)
  • Return to the Self (Bazgasht bih khwishtan, lectures, 1970s)

来源: Wikipedia · Wikidata

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