奥兰普·德·古热

Agora

奥兰普·德·古热

1748–1793

初步了解有意简化——人物介绍讲得更多

男人的权利同样适用于女人：如果一个女人可以被送上断头台，她也必须被允许在议会中发言。

定位

经验主义、启蒙运动与自由主义 · 西欧 · 政治与法, 社会与历史, 伦理学, 性别与女性主义

法国大革命的剧作家和小册子作者，在恐怖统治期间被送上断头台：她的《女权与女公民权宣言》逐条为女性改写了1789年的宣言。

核心思想

女性与女公民的权利
“女人有权登上断头台；她同样必须有权登上讲坛”
反对奴隶制

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影响

受影响于 1

让-雅克·卢梭

受其影响
Gouges’ Declaration of the Rights of Woman (1791) ends with a ‘Form for a Social Contract between Man and Woman’ that, echoing Rousseau, recasts marriage as a contract. O. de Gouges, Déclaration des droits de la femme et de la citoyenne (1791), postscript; J. W. Scott, Only Paradoxes to Offer: French Feminists and the Rights of Man (1996)
依据: AI 草稿
让-雅克·卢梭 › 1712–1778

作品

1791女权和女公民权宣言
把1789年的《宣言》改写给女性，共十七条——并附有后记：“女人，醒来吧！”

立场

Her “Declaration of the Rights of Woman and of the Female Citizen” takes the Declaration of 1789 and rewrites each of its seventeen articles so that it applies to women: woman is born free and equal to man in rights; the nation is the union of women and men; the law must be the same for all, so that if woman may mount the scaffold she must equally be able to mount the rostrum. A postscript tells women to wake up. De Gouges was a pamphleteer, not a systematic philosopher; but her text is the clearest early statement that the universal rights of 1789 were not universal.

生平与背景

Olympe de Gouges (1748–1793), born Marie Gouze in Montauban, was widowed young and moved to Paris, where she wrote plays – including one against the slave trade staged by the Comédie-Française – and political pamphlets. She welcomed the Revolution but opposed the execution of the king and attacked Robespierre. Arrested in 1793 for a poster proposing a referendum on the form of government, she was guillotined on 3 November.