मार्कस ऑरेलियस
हर दिन स्वयं की परीक्षा करें, बिना शिकायत अपना कर्तव्य निभाएँ, और याद रखें कि आप सब विवेकशील प्राणियों के एक ही समुदाय के अंग हैं।
पृष्ठभूमि
दार्शनिक सम्राट: उनके “मेडिटेशन्स” आत्मा के स्टोइक अभ्यास हैं।
मुख्य विचार
- आत्म-परीक्षण
- विश्व-नागरिकता
प्रभाव
जिनसे प्रभावित 2
हेरक्लिटस
जिनसे प्रभावित
Marcus Aurelius cited Heraclitus on the cycle of the elements and on sleepers as co-workers in the world, and pictured time as a river (Meditations IV.43, IV.46, VI.42). Marcus Aurelius, Meditations IV.43, IV.46, VI.42; SEP “Heraclitus”
साक्ष्य: AI मसौदा
हेरक्लिटस › लगभग 535–475 ईसा पूर्व
एपिक्टेटस
जिनसे प्रभावित
Marcus Aurelius thanked Junius Rusticus for giving him Epictetus’ discourses and took up his distinction between what is and is not up to us (Meditations I.7). Marcus Aurelius, Meditations I.7, IV.41; P. Hadot, La citadelle intérieure (1992); SEP “Marcus Aurelius”
साक्ष्य: InPhO में भी · InPhO
एपिक्टेटस › लगभग 50–135
जिन्हें प्रभावित किया 1
शैफ़्ट्सबरी
जिन्हें प्रभावित किया
Shaftesbury’s private notebooks, the Askêmata (1698–1704), are, like Marcus Aurelius’ Meditations, reminders of principles and exhortations to live by them, full of quotations from Marcus. Shaftesbury, Askêmata, ed. B. Rand as Philosophical Regimen (1900); Standard Edition II.6, ed. W. Benda et al. (2011); SEP “Lord Shaftesbury”
साक्ष्य: AI मसौदा
शैफ़्ट्सबरी › 1671–1713
कृतियाँ
- लगभग 175मेडिटेशन्स
एक सम्राट के निजी स्टोइक नोट्स, सैनिक शिविर में लिखे गए।
मत
Marcus Aurelius wrote his Meditations – notes “to himself” in Greek – as a private spiritual exercise, never meant for publication. Again and again he reminds himself that everything is transient, that the cosmos is a rational whole and that each person has a place in it to fill with duty, justice and kindness. Disturbance comes from our judgements, not from things; obstacles can become material for virtue. What makes the book so moving is the tension between the most powerful man in the world and his daily effort to remain humble, patient and fair. It remains one of the most widely read works of ancient philosophy.
जीवन और संदर्भ
Marcus Aurelius was Roman emperor from 161 to 180 CE. Adopted into the ruling family as a youth, he was educated by the leading teachers of his time, among them the Stoic Junius Rusticus, who introduced him to the teachings of Epictetus. Much of his reign was spent on military campaigns along the Danube, during which he died.
अन्य प्रमुख कृतियाँ
- Meditations (c. 170–180 CE)
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