अरिस्तिप्पुस
शुभ वह सुख है जो हम अभी महसूस करते हैं – इसलिए उसका आनंद लो, पर उसके दास बनने के बजाय उसके स्वामी रहो।
पृष्ठभूमि
कुरेने के सुकरात-साथी और कुरेनाइक संप्रदाय के संस्थापक: शुभ वर्तमान क्षण का सुख है, और हम केवल यही जानते हैं कि चीज़ें हम पर कैसा प्रभाव डालती हैं – यद्यपि यह विवादित है कि सिद्धांत का कितना अंश उनके नाती के बजाय उन्हीं तक जाता है।
मुख्य विचार
- वर्तमान सुख शुभ के रूप में
- केवल अपने प्रभावों का ज्ञान
- “मैं अधिकार में रखता हूँ, मुझे अधिकार में नहीं रखा जाता”
गुरु: सुकरात
प्रभाव
जिनसे प्रभावित 1
सुकरात जिनसे पढ़ा
आलोचना
जिनके द्वारा आलोचित 1
एपिकुरुस
जिनके द्वारा आलोचित विवादित
Epicurus held against the Cyrenaics that painless tranquillity, not only pleasure in motion, is the highest pleasure; whether this targets Aristippus himself is disputed. Diogenes Laertius 10.136–137; IEP “Cyrenaics”
साक्ष्य: AI मसौदा
एपिकुरुस › 341–270 ईसा पूर्व
मत
No writings by Aristippus survive, and whether the developed Cyrenaic doctrine goes back to him or to his grandson is an open question in scholarship. The Cyrenaics held that the end of life is particular bodily pleasure, experienced now, not a lifelong happiness put together from many pleasures. Pleasure is a smooth motion of the flesh, pain a rough one; the mere absence of pain is neither. In knowledge they were radical: we can be certain only of our own affections (pathē) – that I am being “whitened” – but not whether the thing outside is white, nor whether others are affected as I am. Aristippus himself is presented as someone who enjoys pleasure without being ruled by it: “I possess, I am not possessed.” In Xenophon’s Memorabilia (II.1) Socrates challenges him over self-control, and he replies that he wants to be neither ruler nor slave but free. Epicurus later set his own doctrine against the Cyrenaics, arguing that the highest pleasure is the calm state of freedom from pain.
जीवन और संदर्भ
Aristippus came from Cyrene, the Greek city in North Africa, and was born around 435 BCE. Drawn to Athens by Socrates’ reputation, he became one of his companions. According to Diogenes Laertius he was the first of them to charge fees for teaching, which Socrates is said to have disapproved of. Plato mentions that he was in Aegina, not in Athens, on the day of Socrates’ death. Anecdotes, mostly preserved by Diogenes Laertius, show him at the court of Dionysius of Syracuse and with the courtesan Laïs, adapting easily to luxury and to hardship. He died around 356 BCE. His daughter Arete taught philosophy, and her son, Aristippus the Younger, was called “mother-taught”.
प्रमुख कृतियाँ
- No writings survive (Diogenes Laertius lists titles of works attributed to him)
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