埃佩利·豪奥法

作品

• 1993我们的岛屿之海

  一篇文章，拒绝把太平洋岛屿描述为微小、孤立而依附于人的：从其民族的航海史以及今天的移民与交流网络来看，大洋洲是一片“岛屿之海”，而不是远在海上的岛屿。

• 1998我们之中的海洋

  一篇文章，提出一种以海洋为共同环境、共同历史和共同遗产的大洋洲地区认同，超越国界和殖民管理的划分。

立场

Hauʻofa is on the map for an essay that changed how the Pacific is thought about. In “Our Sea of Islands” (1993) he answered a view then common among economists, planners and scholars – including, as he admits, himself: that the island states were too small, too poor and too isolated to be anything but dependent on aid and remittances. This view, he argued, is a colonial one. It sees islands scattered far out in the ocean, tiny dots of land within borders drawn by colonial powers, where the peoples of Oceania themselves had known a “sea of islands”, a large world joined rather than divided by the ocean and crossed by voyaging, trade and kinship long before Europeans arrived. Present-day migration to Auckland, Sydney or Los Angeles continues this world instead of dissolving it. In “The Ocean in Us” (1998) he proposed a regional Oceanian identity grounded in the ocean as shared environment and heritage, and he saw creative work in the arts as a way to give it form. The essays shaped Pacific studies, art and literature, gave “Oceania” its present meaning as a self-description and are now also read as anticolonial political theory. No documented links yet connect him with others on the map.

生平与背景

Epeli Hauʻofa was born on 7 December 1939 in the Territory of Papua to Tongan missionary parents and grew up in Papua New Guinea, Tonga and Fiji. He studied at the University of New England in Armidale, at McGill University in Montreal and at the Australian National University, where he took his doctorate in social anthropology with a study of the Mekeo of Papua, published in 1981. He taught at the University of Papua New Guinea and was a research fellow at the University of the South Pacific; from 1978 to 1981 he served as deputy private secretary to the King of Tonga and keeper of the palace records. After directing the university’s Rural Development Centre in Tonga, he became head of the Department of Sociology at the University of the South Pacific in Suva in 1983. In 1997 he founded its Oceania Centre for Arts and Culture, which he directed until his death. He also wrote satirical fiction on development and modernisation, “Tales of the Tikongs” (1983) and the novel “Kisses in the Nederends” (1987). He died on 11 January 2009 in Suva; in 2023 the University of Auckland awarded him an honorary doctorate posthumously.

其他主要作品

• Mekeo: Inequality and Ambivalence in a Village Society (1981)
• Tales of the Tikongs (1983)
• Kisses in the Nederends (1987)
• Our Sea of Islands (in E. Waddell/V. Naidu/E. Hauʻofa, eds., A New Oceania, 1993)
• The Ocean in Us (The Contemporary Pacific 10, 1998)
• We Are the Ocean: Selected Works (2008)