Agoraساحة مفتوحة للفكر

غوستاف فون شمولر

1838–1917

مدخل أولتبسيط مقصود – واللمحة تقول أكثر

رأى شمولر أن الاقتصاد ينبغي أن يدرس كيف تتطور المؤسسات والبنى الاقتصادية في التاريخ ولا يمكن أن يقوم على النظرية المجردة وحدها، وعوّل على سياسة اجتماعية فاعلة للدولة لدمج العمال في المجتمع.

التموضع

علم الاجتماع والنظرية الاجتماعية · أوروبا الغربية · المجتمع والتاريخ, السياسة والقانون, العلم

زعيم المدرسة التاريخية الحديثة في الاقتصاد ورئيس جمعية السياسة الاجتماعية (Verein für Sozialpolitik): دافع في جدال المناهج (Methodenstreit) ضد منغر عن الدراسة التاريخية والمؤسسية في وجه النظرية المجردة؛ وكان من أوائل معلّمي فيبر.

الأفكار الرئيسة

  • الاقتصاد السياسي التاريخي الأخلاقي
  • السياسة الاجتماعية مهمةً للدولة

التلاميذ: فيرنر سومبارت

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التأثير

أثّر في 3

  • إميل دوركايم

    أثّر في مختلف عليها

    Durkheim’s 1887 survey of German moral science discusses Schmoller’s work among those of the German ethical economists; the text of the survey was not read. Durkheim, “La science positive de la morale en Allemagne”, Revue philosophique 24 (1887); Wikisource, appendix to Deploige/Durkheim, Le conflit de la morale et de la sociologie (1912), names Schmoller among those he analysed – survey text itself not read

    التوثيق: مسودة بالذكاء الاصطناعي

    إميل دوركايم › 1858–1917

  • فيرنر سومبارت علّم

    علّم ✓

    Sombart studied with Schmoller in Berlin and took his doctorate in 1888, under Schmoller according to the LeMO biography. Deutsche Biographie, “Sombart, Werner” (F. Lenger, NDB 24, 2010); Deutsches Historisches Museum, LeMO, “Werner Sombart 1863–1941”

    التوثيق: مسجّل أيضًا في Wikidata · Wikidata

    فيرنر سومبارت › 1863–1941

  • ماكس فيبر

    أثّر في

    In his early years Weber had Schmoller, head of the Verein für Sozialpolitik, as his mentor, and the Verein commissioned the East Elbian survey that was greeted with acclaim and controversy. SEP “Max Weber” (S. H. Kim), §1 and §2.1

    التوثيق: مسودة بالذكاء الاصطناعي

    ماكس فيبر › 1864–1920

الأعمال

الموقف

Schmoller is on the map as the head of the Younger Historical School of economics. In 1872 he gave the programme speech at the Eisenach meeting of socially engaged scholars, the so-called socialists of the lectern; the Verein für Sozialpolitik that followed in 1873 became the leading association of German-speaking economists, and he chaired it from 1890 until his death. He held that the historical study of economic structures and institutions is the central task of economics, and he expected a state social policy to integrate workers into society. When Carl Menger demanded a deductive, abstract theory in 1883, Schmoller defended the priority of historical-empirical work in the Methodenstreit. His reputation fell as neoclassical theory advanced, but recent scholarship values his work on economic, legal and administrative history and sees in him a precursor of institutionalism. For the early Max Weber he was a mentor, and the Verein commissioned Weber’s survey of East Elbian rural labour; Werner Sombart took his doctorate with him. Durkheim’s survey of German moral science of 1887 is reported to discuss Schmoller’s work among those of the German ethical economists, a link that has not been checked in the text and is marked as disputed.

الحياة والسياق

Gustav Schmoller was born on 28 June 1838 in Heilbronn and studied political science, philosophy and history in Tübingen from 1857 to 1861, where he took his doctorate in 1861 under Karl Schüz with a prize essay on economic views in Germany during the Reformation. He worked at the Württemberg Statistical Bureau under his brother-in-law Gustav Rümelin and became associate professor in Halle in 1864 and full professor in 1865. In 1872 he was called to Strasbourg (rector 1874–75) and in 1882 to Berlin (rector 1897–98), where he taught until 1913; he was ennobled in 1908 and sat in the Prussian Academy, the State Council and the House of Lords. He died on 27 June 1917 in Bad Harzburg.

أعمال رئيسة أخرى

  • Outlines and Studies on the Constitutional, Administrative and Economic History of the Prussian State in the 17th and 18th Centuries (Umrisse und Untersuchungen zur Verfassungs-, Verwaltungs- und Wirtschaftsgeschichte besonders des Preußischen Staates im 17. und 18. Jahrhundert, 1898)
  • Political Economy, Economics and Their Method (Die Volkswirtschaft, die Volkswirtschaftslehre und ihre Methode, 1893)

المصادر: Wikipedia · Wikidata

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