论对外部宇宙的知觉

简介

The full title continues “and Other Subjects Connected with the Doctrine of Causation”: Shepherd applies the causal principle defended in her 1824 book to a further sceptical problem. How do we know that bodies exist outside us and continue when no one perceives them? Her answer is an inference: our sensations begin and change independently of our will, so they need causes other than the mind, and these continuing causes are what we call external objects – known in their existence and relations, though not in their inner nature. On this basis she criticises Berkeley’s idealism and Hume’s scepticism about the senses.

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• 人类知识原理1710 · 乔治·贝克莱

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