Dzieło · Nauki przyrodnicze i nauki o człowieku
Personal Knowledge (Wiedza osobista)
Wiedza naukowa opiera się na umiejętnościach, osądzie i zaangażowaniu, których nie da się w pełni wyrazić jawnie; obiektywność osiąga się przez poznającego, a nie bez niego.
Wprowadzenie
“Personal Knowledge: Towards a Post-Critical Philosophy” (1958) grew out of the Gifford Lectures Polanyi gave in Aberdeen in 1951–52. Against the ideal of a strictly impersonal, detached objectivity, he argues that all knowing – from perception through skills and connoisseurship to scientific theory – involves the personal participation of the knower, who relies on clues and rules that cannot be fully specified. Such knowledge is not merely subjective: it is held with “universal intent”, as a claim about reality open to the judgement of others. Polanyi draws on Gestalt psychology, the history of science and his own experience as a chemist, and ends with reflections on evolution and the place of mind in a hierarchically ordered world. Kuhn cited the book, and it has been discussed in the philosophy of science, in education and in theology.
Więcej dzieł: Michael Polanyi
Stan na listopad 2026 · Ulepsz tę stronę · Jak powstaje Agora