मोडैलिटीज़ और आशयात्मक भाषाएँ

परिचय

Marcus published the paper in Synthese and presented it at the Boston Colloquium for the Philosophy of Science, where Quine replied and a discussion with Saul Kripke and Dagfinn Føllesdal followed; the printed exchange is one of the best-known in 20th-century logic. Against Quine’s view that modal logic is confused, she argues that ordinary proper names work as mere “tags”: they refer directly, without describing, so replacing one name of a thing with another causes no trouble in modal contexts, and a true identity between names (a = b) holds necessarily. These ideas anticipate the theory of direct reference associated with Kripke’s Naming and Necessity (1970/1980); in 1994 a paper by Quentin Smith set off a public dispute over priority.

रूथ बार्कन मार्कस की और कृतियाँ

• 1946कठोर निहितार्थ पर आधारित प्रथम-क्रम का प्रकार्यात्मक कलन