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परिचय

Fromm’s last major book, published in 1976 in English and German, brings together his humanist psychoanalysis and his social criticism. In the having mode we treat the world, other people, knowledge and even ourselves as possessions; the being mode consists in active, shared experience – learning, loving, remembering, conversing – rather than passive consumption. Fromm opens with a contrast between a poem by Tennyson, who plucks a flower to know it, and a haiku by Bashō, who only looks. He argues that industrial consumer society systematically cultivates having and ends with proposals for a society of the “new human being”, with industrial democracy and limits on consumption. The book became a bestseller, especially in West Germany.

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• 1941स्वतंत्रता से पलायन