أفعال الكلام (Speech Acts)

مقدمة

Searle’s first book appeared in 1969, subtitled “An Essay in the Philosophy of Language”. It builds on Austin, with whom Searle had studied in Oxford, and asks what rules make speech acts possible. Searle distinguishes regulative rules, which govern existing activities, from constitutive rules, which create them, and introduces the formula “X counts as Y in context C”. Using promising as his model case, he states conditions that must be met for an utterance to count as a promise, and distinguishes the propositional content of an utterance from its illocutionary force. A chapter argues, controversially, that an “ought” can be derived from an “is” by way of promising.

الصلات

يستند إلى

• كيف نفعل الأشياء بالكلمات (How to Do Things with Words)1962 · جون لانجشو أوستن

جرى تناوله في

• نظرية الفعل التواصلي1981 · يورغن هابرماس

مزيد من أعمال جون سورل

• 1977تكرار الفروق: ردّ على دريدا (Reiterating the Differences: A Reply to Derrida)
• 1980الغرفة الصينية