مناهج الأخلاق (The Methods of Ethics)

مقدمة

Sidgwick published the Methods in 1874, five years after resigning his fellowship over the religious tests, and revised it until his death; the seventh edition appeared in 1907. Instead of advocating one theory, he examines the “methods” by which people decide what they ought to do and tests each for clarity and consistency. After a general first book come books on egoism, on intuitionism, with a long analysis of common-sense morality, and on utilitarianism. Sidgwick finds the axioms of prudence and of impartiality both self-evident, so that practical reason seems divided against itself. C. D. Broad called it the best treatise on moral theory ever written, and Rawls wrote the foreword to a 1981 reprint.

الصلات

يستند إلى

• أسس غيبيات الأخلاق1785 · إيمانويل كانط
• النفعية1863 · جون ستيوارت مل

جرى تناوله في

• مبادئ الأخلاق (Principia Ethica)1903 · جورج إدوارد مور
• الأسباب والأشخاص (Reasons and Persons)1984 · ديريك بارفيت
• حول ما يهم (On What Matters)2011 · ديريك بارفيت

انتُقد في

• الفلسفة الأخلاقية الحديثة (Modern Moral Philosophy)1958 · إليزابيث أنسكوم
• نظرية في العدالة1971 · جون رولز