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Friedrich Albert Lange

1828–1875

Pierwsze przybliżeniecelowe uproszczenie – portret mówi więcej

Lange twierdził, że materializm jest trafną metodą nauk przyrodniczych, lecz zawodzi jako światopogląd, ponieważ fizjologia zmysłów pokazuje, że poznajemy tylko zjawiska – kantowski wniosek wyciągnięty z nauki.

Umiejscowienie

Idealizm niemiecki i jego spadkobiercy · Europa Zachodnia · Epistemologia, Nauka, Społeczeństwo i historia

Neokantowski filozof i reformator społeczny: jego Geschichte des Materialismus (Historia materializmu) odczytywała Kanta przez fizjologię zmysłów i stała się wczesną, trwałą lekturą dla Nietzschego, Cohena i Natorpa.

Kluczowe idee

  • Fizjologia zmysłów jako potwierdzenie Kanta
  • Materializm jako metoda nauki, nie światopogląd

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Wpływ

Wpływ na 2

  • Hermann Cohen

    wpływ na ✓

    Lange was a mentor of Cohen, who received his Kantian thought partly through disagreement and became the founder of the Marburg School. SEP “Friedrich Albert Lange” (N. Hussain, L. Patton, E. Widmer), §4

    Źródło: także w Wikidanych · Wikidata

    Hermann Cohen › 1842–1918

  • Friedrich Nietzsche

    wpływ na ✓

    From Lange’s History of Materialism Nietzsche learned about the psychophysics of Fechner and the physiological reading of Kant, and he cited Lange as an influence, though how far this reached is contested. SEP “Friedrich Albert Lange” (N. Hussain, L. Patton, E. Widmer), §4.1, after G. Stack, Lange and Nietzsche (1983) and critical replies; SEP “Friedrich Nietzsche” (R. L. Anderson), §6.2

    Źródło: także w Wikidanych · Wikidata

    Friedrich Nietzsche › 1844–1900

Dzieła

Stanowisko

Lange is on the map as the neo-Kantian whose History of Materialism (1866) became a standard reading of Kant through the physiology of the senses. It combines a history of materialism with a critique: materialism is a legitimate method for natural science but fails as a worldview, since the physiology of the senses itself shows that we know appearances, and ethical ideals are creations of the imagination. Hermann Cohen, his protégé, became the founder of the Marburg School, and Paul Natorp and Hans Vaihinger reported that reading Lange led them into philosophy. Nietzsche learned from the book about the psychophysics of Fechner and the physiological reading of Kant and cited Lange as an influence; how far this reached is contested. As a politician Lange moved from liberalism toward socialism and took part in the congress of German workers’ associations at Leipzig in 1864; his Labour Question (1865) argued for state support of workers.

Życie i kontekst

Friedrich Albert Lange was born on 28 September 1828 in Wald near Solingen and grew up in Duisburg and Zurich. He studied philology and philosophy in Bonn and took his doctorate in 1851, taught at a Cologne school and from 1858 to 1862 at the Gymnasium in Duisburg, from which he was dismissed after political conflicts with the school authorities. He then worked as a newspaper editor and secretary of the chamber of commerce in Duisburg, moved to Switzerland in 1866, became professor in Zurich in 1870 and took a chair at Marburg in 1872. He died in Marburg on 21 November 1875.

Dalsze główne dzieła

  • The Labour Question (Die Arbeiterfrage, 1865)
  • History of Materialism and Critique of Its Present Importance (Geschichte des Materialismus und Kritik seiner Bedeutung in der Gegenwart, 1866; second edition 1873–75)
  • Logical Studies (Logische Studien, 1877)

Źródła: Wikipedia · Wikidata

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