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Summulae de dialectica

c. 1340 · by John Buridan

Begun as a commentary on Peter of Spain’s logic textbook and rewritten into a nominalist logic of its own, from terms and supposition to demonstration and sophisms.

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Introduction

Buridan’s textbook of logic, which he used and revised throughout his teaching career in Paris. Its first eight treatises take the form of a commentary on the Summulae logicales of Peter of Spain, but Buridan rewrote much of the base text and replaced whole sections, notably the treatise on the properties of terms, with his own nominalist account; one manuscript tradition calls it Lectura de summa logicae. The ninth treatise, the Sophismata, works through puzzles of meaning, reference and self-reference. The book was prescribed at universities from Paris to Heidelberg, Vienna, Prague and Cologne and was still printed in the sixteenth century. A complete English translation by Gyula Klima appeared in 2001.

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